Description

Einkorn wheat (from German Einkorn, literally "single grain") can refer either to a wild species of wheat (Triticum) or to its domesticated form. The wild form is T. boeoticum (syn. T. m. subsp. boeoticum), and the domesticated form is T. monococcum (syn. T. m. subsp. monococcum). Einkorn is a diploid species (2n = 14 chromosomes) of hulled wheat, with tough glumes ('husks') that tightly enclose the grains. The cultivated form is similar to the wild, except that the ear stays intact when ripe and the seeds are larger. The domestic form is known as "petit épeautre" in French, "Einkorn" in German, "einkorn" or "littlespelt" in English, "piccolo farro" in Italian and "escanda menor" in Spanish. The name refers to the fact that each spikelet contains only one grain. Einkorn wheat was one of the first plants to be domesticated and cultivated. The earliest clear evidence of the domestication of einkorn dates from 10,600 to 9,900 years before present (8650 BCE to 7950 BCE) from Çayönü and Cafer Höyük, two Early Pre-Pottery Neolithic B archaeological sites in southern Turkey. Remnants of einkorn were found with the iceman mummy Ötzi, dated the late 4th millenium BCE.

Whole Genomes

Whole Genome Sequences & Annotations for Triticum monococcum

• Triticum monococcum PI306540

S genes

Triticum monococcum PI306540 S genes

Query	Chromosome	Size(bp)	Coordinates	tBLASTn Hit	tBLASTn %ID	Domain
DUF247I-SΨ	GWHCBHO00000001.1	644540180	101722013-101723023	LpSDUF247-I_chromosome1	79	DUF247
DUF247II-SΨ	GWHCBHO00000001.1	644540180	101116510-101116785	LpSDUF247-II_chromosome1	76	DUF247
HPS10-S	GWHCBHO00000001.1	644540180	101712392-101712518, 101712666-101712769	LpsS_contig12948	66	-
HPS10-Z	GWHCBHO00000002.1	829514116	763963982-763964093, 763964214-763964344	Hmarinum	83	-

Downloads

The Triticum monococcum S gene sequences are available in FASTA format.

CDS and Protein (FASTA file)

S-gene_Triticum_monococcum

Publications

Ahmed HI, Heuberger M, Schoen A, Koo DH, Quiroz-Chavez J, Adhikari L, Raupp J, Cauet S, Rodde N, Cravero C, Callot C, Lazo GR, Kathiresan N, Sharma PK, Moot I, Yadav IS, Singh L, Saripalli G, Rawat N, Datla R, Athiyannan N, Ramirez-Gonzalez RH, Uauy C, Wicker T, Tiwari VK, Abrouk M, Poland J, Krattinger SG. Einkorn genomics sheds light on history of the oldest domesticated wheat. Nature. 2023 Aug;620(7975):830-838. doi: 10.1038/s41586-023-06389-7.